Russian Grammar.

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1.11. The Russian Hard Sign ъ

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Aa Бб Вв Гг Дд Ее Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Пп Рр Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя

• The letter й is considered a consonant, since it does not form a syllable. Its pronunciation is very similar to и but shorter. For this reason, it is called и кра́ткое, which means 'short и'. Because of its sound, it is sometimes considered a semi-vowel. The letter й is easily heard following the vowels a, е, ё, о, у, ю, э, and я. Following и and ы it is not as noticeable. (There are very few words in which the letter й is followed by a vowel.)

Letters by Type

Hard Vowels

• Aa Ээ Оо Уу Ыы

Velars

• Гг Кк Хх 

Soft Vowels ​​​​

• Яя Ее Ёё Юю ​Ии ​

Sibilants

• Жж Чч Шш Щщ 

Consonants

• Бб Вв Гг Дд Жж Зз Кк Лл Мм Нн Пп Рр Сс Тт Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ

The Hard Sign

• ​Ъъ

The Soft Sign

• Ьь

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• 1.11.1. Between Consonant and Vowel

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1.11.1.1. The Russian Hard Sign Ъ between a Consonant and a Vowel

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адъюта́нт (adjutant)
oбъéкт (object)
oбъём (volume)
oбъяcнéниe (explanation)
oтъéзд (departure)
пoдъéзд (doorway)
cъeзд (congress)
cъeдóбный (edible)
cъёмкa (survey)

дя́дю (uncle [acc. case])
обе́д (lunch)
погребённый (buried)
обя́занный (obligated)
поте́ри (loss)
кла́дезь (depository)
сезо́н (season)
сосе́д (neighbor)
приём (reception)

​Dictionaries give words. Grammar books give rules. Language360 adds context.